Anemia: A Widespread Health Issue among Children and Pregnant Women

Globally, approximately 149.2 million children under 5 years old are stunted and 45.4 million are wasted. Stunting is decreasing worldwide except in Africa, while severe wasting is mostly prevalent in Asia.

Undernutrition accounts for approximately 45% of child deaths under the age of 5, mainly in low- and middle-income nations.

Anemia affects young children and pregnant women worldwide, with an estimated 40% of children under 5 and 37% of pregnant women affected. Additionally, 30% of women of reproductive age have anemia.

Overweight and obesity are prevalent global issues, with 1.9 billion adults and 38.9 million children under 5 being overweight. High-income and upper-middle-income countries experience the highest rates of childhood overweight and obesity.

Despite the benefits of breastfeeding in preventing undernutrition and overweight, only 44% of infants under 6 months are exclusively breastfed.

Excessive sodium intake, with most people consuming 9-12 grams per day (twice the recommended maximum), contributes to

• high blood pressure,
• heart disease, and
• stroke.

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